IRS Provides Guidance On Collection And Other Enforcement Efforts

On March 30, the IRS Small Business/Self-Employed Division’s (“SBSE”) Director of Collection issued a Memorandum for All Collection Executives (the “Collection Memo”) ordering the implementation of a period of suspension of “most collection activities” by the IRS as part of the broader effort to provide temporary relief for taxpayers amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Under the guidance provided by the Collection Memo, taxpayers can expect most IRS collection activities to stop during the suspension period, which stretches from March 30, 2020 to July 15, 2020.

The Collection Memo incorporates and expands upon the suspension of collection activities first announced on March 25, 2020, through the People First Initiative. Pursuant to the People First Initiative, no new field, office, or correspondence examinations (audits) would commence absent exigent circumstances, or unless requested by a taxpayer and in the best interests of both the taxpayer and the Government. Examination personnel will instead be focusing on refund claims. The IRS further advised that the Independent Office of Appeals would continue to work cases in its jurisdiction, but would offer only telephonic or video conferences. Taxpayers should comply with requests for information from Appeals Officers as expeditiously as possible.

Collection Activities to be Suspended Unless There Are “Exigent Circumstances”

As outlined in the Collection Memo, IRS employees are instructed to suspend collection activities unless:

• The Government risks a permanent loss due to the expiration of a statute of limitations during the suspension period, or due to another “exigent circumstance,” such as the taxpayer attempting to place assets beyond the reach of the Government; or
• The taxpayer has agreed to a collection action. Taxpayer bankruptcies will not generally be considered as “exigent” circumstances.

In addition, the following “General Collection Activities” are suspended:

• Meetings with taxpayers, powers of attorney, or third parties
• Issuing Final Notices of Intent to Levy, levying financial accounts, or garnishing wages (including those issued through the Automated Collection System (ACS)). The IRS also has suspended automated levy programs.
• Requesting the issuance and filing of new Notices of Federal Tax Liens (re-filing of existing Notices of Federal Tax Liens is permitted)
• Scheduling or taking seizure actions
• Issuing administrative summonses to taxpayers or third-parties
• Sending letters proposing investigation or assessment of Trust Fund Recovery Penalties (unless the statute of limitations is about to expire)
• New passport certifications to the State Department of seriously delinquent taxpayers (existing certifications remain in place)
• Assignment of new collection cases to private debt collection agencies
• Pursuing civil lawsuits against taxpayers.

Payments by taxpayers scheduled between April 1, 2020 and July 15, 2020 pursuant to Installment Agreements with the IRS are also suspended, and no Installment Agreements are to be defaulted during this period.  Please note that the IRS will continue to deduct payments for Direct Debit Installment Agreements (“DDIA”), but IRS employees may be able to suspend certain DDIA payments. If a taxpayer wants to stop all DDIA payments, the IRS advises them to contact their bank to stop the payments and notes that to avoid default once the suspension period ends on July 15, 2020, those taxpayers will need to inform their bank to resume payments at that time.

Taxpayers have the option of delaying payments due during the same period on accepted or pending Offers in Compromise until July 15, 2020, but interest will continue to accrue. No pending Offers In Compromise will be rejected before July 15, 2020 without the taxpayer’s consent and taxpayers may submit any requested documentation until that date.

Collection Activities Set to Continue

Collection activities that are set to continue include:

• Initial contact by IRS collection personnel with taxpayers, generally by telephone, for document collection. IRS telephone contact with taxpayers was previously uncommon, and under the Collection Memo, IRS collection officers who do call taxpayers will only do so to request documents.
  • To avoid scams, taxpayers should be aware that IRS personnel will never telephone a taxpayer to:
    • Demand immediate tax payment;
    • Ask for debit or credit card numbers; or
    • Threaten to bring in local police, immigration officers or other law enforcement agencies.
• Assignment of case inventory to IRS Revenue Officers
• Establishing new Installment Agreements
• Determining whether a specific case is deemed Currently Not Collectible
• Requesting taxpayer credit reports and Department of Motor Vehicle information
• Referring Taxpayer Delinquency Investigations (TDI) for assessment under Internal Revenue Code 6020(b) (permitting the IRS to prepare and process returns for non-filing taxpayers)
• Inputting adjustment requests to reduce tax liability, such as penalty abatements.

The following activities will also continue:

• Bankruptcy filings related to collections under court-imposed deadlines, including filing or amending proofs of claim, objecting to plans, responding to objections, and responding to motions to determine dischargeability of tax debts
• Certain activities in probate cases similar to those allowed in bankruptcy matters such as filing proofs of claim, processing requests for discharge of estate property, and reviewing and re-filing Notices of Federal Tax Liens. As noted, the IRS will not file new Notices of Federal Tax Liens unless there are “exigent circumstances”
• Campus collection activities, although, as set forth in the Collection Memo, IRS campus collection employees to make taxpayer contacts “with caution and extreme sensitivity to the taxpayer’s personal circumstances,” including not only a personal illness or monetary loss from the crisis, but also “stress and fatigue.”

Importantly, although collection officers can still make routine contact with taxpayers for document collection during the suspension period, they are instructed not to continue with any enforcement action if the taxpayer does not provide the requested documents, unless the taxpayer’s circumstances are determined to be exigent.

Finally, the IRS recently announced an enforcement campaign targeting high-income U.S. citizens and resident aliens who have received taxable income and failed to file required U.S. income tax returns. The IRS advises that it will continue to assign these cases to IRS personnel for active work, although summonses for information and documents will not be issued absent exigent circumstances.

Approval Required for a Determination of Exigent Circumstances

Where the IRS intends to pursue an enforcement action due to exigent circumstances, the SBSE Director of Collections must first approve a finding that the circumstances are sufficiently exigent to permit the proposed enforcement action. This approval process is noted but not outlined in detail in the Collection Memo. We anticipate that this approval requirement will result in some delay in the continuance of ongoing collection actions against taxpayers with cases that are ultimately determined to fall outside the suspension guidelines.

In keeping with the IRS’s evolving practices as the COVID-19 situation evolves, the guidance issued in the Collection Memo may be adjusted “as new developments occur.” More information can be found at www.irs.gov/coronavirus.